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Response of soil aggregate-associated potassium to long-term fertilization in red soil

文献类型： 外文期刊

作者： Liu, Kailou 1 ; Han, Tianfu 1 ; Huang, Jing 1 ; Huang, Qinghai 2 ; Li, Daming 2 ; Hu, Zhihua 2 ; Yu, Xichu 2 ; Muhammad, 1 ;

作者机构： 1.Chinese Acad Agr Sci, Inst Agr Resources & Reg Planning, Natl Engn Lab Improving Qual Arable Land, Beijing 100081, Peoples R China

2.Jiangxi Inst Red Soil, Natl Engn & Technol Res Ctr Red Soil Improvement, Nanchang 331717, Jiangxi, Peoples R China

3.Chinese Acad Agr Sci, Inst Agr Resources & Reg Planning, Natl Observat Stn Qiyang Agriecol Syst, Qiyang 426182, Hunan, Peoples R China

关键词： Soil potassium; Aggregate fraction; Potassium uptake of crops; Long-term fertilization

期刊名称：GEODERMA （ 影响因子：6.114； 五年影响因子：6.183 ）

ISSN： 0016-7061

年卷期： 2019 年 352 卷

页码：

收录情况： SCI

摘要： Potassium (K) deficiency is commonly observed during crops grown in the red soil (which is a typical Plinthosol based on the IUSS guidelines) of China, but few studies have examined soil aggregate-associated K. In a long-term field experiment (initiated in 1986), the following treatments were applied: no fertilizer (CK), nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers (NP), NP and K fertilizers (NPK) and a combination of manure and NPK (NPKM). After 30 years of fertilization, the nonexchangeable K (Nonex-K), and exchangeable K (Ex-K) contents or stocks in most aggregates varied among different treatments. Compared with NP treatment, the Nonex-K contents in the aggregate fractions of > 2-, 1-2-, 0.5-1-, 0.25-0.5- and 0.053-0.25-mm under NPKM treatment were increased by 40.57%, 40.78%, 42.71%, 40.82% and 55.43%, respectively. The Nonex-K contents in 0.5-1-, 0.25-0.5-, 0.053-0.25- and < 0.053-mm aggregates of the NPK treatment were 29.17%, 31.63%, 43.48% and 35.42% higher than those of the NP treatment, respectively. The Ex-K contents in all aggregates of the NPKM treatment were significantly (p < 0.05) higher than those of the other treatments (CK, NP and NPK). Compared with the NP treatment, the Ex-K contents in 1-2-, 0.5-1-, 0.25-0.5- and 0.053-0.25-mm aggregates of NPKM treatment were significantly increased by 30.30%, 32.65%, 33.67% and 33.33%, respectively. Moreover, the Ex-K stocks in the > 2-, 1-2-, 0.5-1- and 0.053-0.25-mm aggregates of NPKM treatment were significantly increased by 74.36%, 123.63%, 44.88% and 37.47%, respectively, compared with those of the NPK treatment. Furthermore, a random forest model showed that K stocks in the > 2-, 1-2- and 0.5-1-mm aggregates were the main factors affecting the uptake of K by maize. The relationships between the uptake of K by maize and K stocks in the > 2-, 1-2- and 0.5-1-mm aggregates could be fitted by linear equations. Therefore, the long-term combination of chemical fertilizers with manure improved K contents and stocks for most aggregate sizes in red soil, especially Ex-K. We found that the turnover rate of K in the > 2-mm aggregates was faster than in the other aggregates (1-2- and 0.5-1-mm) through slopes of linear regressions, allowing the soil to meet the requirements for crop K uptake.

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